2020-2021学年余姚市第二中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析

解析

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

In the 1994 filmForrest Gump, there’s a famous saying, “Life is like a box of chocolates; you never know what you’re gonna get.” The surprise is part of the fun. Now blind box toys are bringing the magic of surprise to online shopping.

A blind box toy is hidden inside uniform packaging but invisible from the outside. You don’t know what will be inside, although the toys typically come from pop culture, ranging from movies to comics and cartoons.

Blind boxes have caught on since they were first introduced fromJapantoChinain 2014. According to a 2019 Tmall report, the mini-series of Labubu blind box, designed byHong Kong-born Kasing Lung, was named Champion of Unit Sales with 55,000 sold in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event. Most customers for blind boxes are young people aged 18 to 35.

According to The Paper, blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances. The typically cute cartoon figurines come in miniature sizes, making them suitable for display almost anywhere.

Even if blind boxes are not their top choice for decorations, the mystery and uncertainty of the process also attracts people. It’s the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another.

“Fear of the unknown is always a part of the box-opening process,” said Miss Cao, 24, who lives and works inShenyang. Speaking to Sina News, she said: “Until you open all the boxes, you cannot know what it is inside.”

Opening a blind box is a delightful little surprise for our mundane daily lives, something small but fun to wait for each day, week or month. When people open this simple little box, they may be disappointed, but the uncertainty is part of the fun. People will open more blind boxes and hope for a better outcome.

When someone re-makesForrest Gump, don't be surprised if he says, “Life is like a blind box...” 1. Why is the famous saying in the filmForrest Gumpquoted at the beginning? A. To arouse the readers’ interest. B. To present the writer’s view. C. To introduce the topic. D. To highlight the fun of blind boxes. 2. Which of the following is the main feature that makes blind box so popular? A. Miniature sizes. B. Cute appearances.

C. Fear of the unknown. D. Mystery and uncertainty. 3. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Blind box became popular in 2019 after being first introduced fromJapantoChina. B. Blind box toys typically originated in pop culture, varying from movies to cartoons. C. Blind box toys was designed and named by Hong Kong-born Kasing Lung. D. When people open this simple little box, they will feel disappointed.

B

Watching what you eat can be easier said than done, but a recent study shows it might not just be about what's on your plate — it could be about how quickly it disappears.

Japanese researchers followed 1,083 adultsfor five years, splitting them into three categories based on how quickly they ate: slow, normal, and fast. They also answered a questionnaire at the beginning of the study, sharing their diet, physical activity, and medical history. In the beginning, none of the volunteers had metabolic syndrome (新陈代谢综合征) - meaning at least three risk factors — which can lead to health problems like heart conditions and diabetes.

When the participants reported back five years later 84 had been diagnosed (诊断) with metabolic syndrome — and their eating speed was a major predictor, according to the results in the journal Circulation. The fast eaters were percent more likely to have metabolic syndrome than slow and normal eaters. Just 2.3 percent of slow eaters received the diagnosis, compared to 11.6 percent of fast eaters. But that's not all. Fast eaters also saw more weight gain, larger waistlines, and higher blood sugar levels than slow eaters.

The researchers saygobblingmakes it easier not to take notice of fullness before your body has a chance to signal you to stop. “So when people eat fast they are more likely to overeat,” said Takayuki Yamaji, MD, study author and cardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan in a statement.

Previous research backs up the weight benefits of slow eating, too. One study of New Zealand women found fast eaters have higher body-mass indexes (指数), and a Chinese study found that both healthy and fat men ate less when told to chew 40 times instead of 15 times before swallowing. Initial research even suggests chewing your food longer could bum more calories - up to about 1,000 extra every month. 4. What are the participants divided by?

A. Medical history. B. Health condition. C. Physical activity. D. Eating speed. 5. Which may be the result of the study?

A. Fast eaters are 4 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome. B. Normal and slow eaters don’t have metabolic illness. C. % of fast eaters have higher blood pressure. D. Slow caters are healthier than fast eaters.

6. What does the underlined word “gobbling” in Paragraph 4 best mean? A. Tasting slowly. B. Digesting quickly. C. Eating greedily. D. Cooking carefully. 7. What does the last paragraph tell us?

A. The importance of eating speed. B. The advantage of eating slowly. C. The result of a Chinese study. D. Fast eating and overeating.

C

A dog spentthe lastfour years of his life waitingat a crossroad in the Thai city ofKhon Kaenas if waiting for someone. People originally thought the dog had been abandoned, but then realized that he looked healthy, so people asked around about him. It turned out that the dog had indeed been spending most of his time around that crossroad, but a woman had been coming round regularly to bring him food and water.

One day, while photographing the dog everyone called Leo, a reporter met the woman who had been taking care of him. She had come to drop off some food. After learning the story about the dog and the woman, the reporter decided to share the story on social media. The post soonwent viraland the photos of Leo got shared hundreds of times. And the photos reached the eyes of Leo’s former old owner.

Nang Noi Sittisarn, a -year-old woman fromThailand’sRoiEtProvince, almost had a heart attack when her daughter showed her a photo of the beloved dog named BonBon she had lost during a car trip. When she learned that he had been waiting for her in the same spot for the last four years，her heart melted(融化).

Auntie Noi told her daughter to drive her to where the dog was waiting. When she got there and called his name. BonBon，the poor dog started wiggling(扭动)his tailand came to her，but when she tried to take him home with her, he was unwilling to follow. She didn’ t want to force the dog to come with her so she agreed to leave him with his new master. However, she and her daughter will come to visit him regularly. 8.Why did the dog look healthy after separation from his former owner? A. He walked around the crossroad constantly. B. He was kept at a woman’s home all the time. C. A local reporter brought him food and water.

D. A woman looked after him on a regular basis.

9. What does the underlined phrase “went viral” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Changed surprisingly. B. Spread quickly. C. Appeared gradually. D. Fell directly.

10. How did Nang Noi Sittisam feel about the dog's waiting for her?

A. Shocked. B. Regretful. C. Touched. D. Proud. 11. What can we mainly learn from the story about the dog? A. Unbelievable success is worth waiting for. B. We should adjust ourselves to environments. C. We need to learn to be faithful and thankful. D. No one knows the result until the last minute

D

Most people around the world are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.

Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.

No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.

Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people

are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.

12. After studying works of art made at different times in history, the scientists found _______. A. the art began from 1,500 B.C. B. the works of art ended in the 1950s

C. most people shown in the works of art are right-handed D. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed 13. What is the left hand for most people used to do? A. It’s used to find or hold things. B. It’s used to work with things.

C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together. D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.

14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed. B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness. C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.

D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed. 15. The best title for this passage is _______.

A. Scientists’ New Inventions B. Left-handed People C. Which Hand D. Different Brains, Different Hands 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

Building a Lasting Social Relationship

We all know that friends are special people who we share our lives with, and who share their lives with us in return.___16___

According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, the key is to use “we-talk”.

Led byUniversityofCaliforniapsychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues, the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5,000 participants.___17___

The word “we” moves people from an individual position into a partnership, which makes us more

interdependent. “____18____Word use is a window into what people are thinking and feeling without asking them,” Robbins told Science Daily.

___19___The primary point is that interdependence may bring about supportive and relationship-centered behaviors and positive perceptions of the partner — especially important in times of stress and disagreement

Contrary to “we-talk”, there is “I-talk”, which refers to the frequent use of the first-person singular pronouns, such as “I”, “me” and “mine”, when writing or speaking. Earlier this year, researcher analyzed a set of data that came from 47,000 people inGermanyand theUS.____20____As you can see from the two studies, too much “I-talk” can make you feel depressed. But “we-talk” can encourage you to become more positive and create a chain effect of healthy interdependence with others.

So next time you are talking to a friend, try using more “we-talk”. You may find yourself feeling more positive — and the effect it will have on your friend will be positive as well.

A. Pronouns offer an insight into whether people see themselves as individuals or as part of a whole. B. If you are speaking in a person context, you’re speaking about something that’s of relevance to you. C. Their research also found that “we-talk” is helpful for resolving conflicts.

D. Self-centered people are found to be indifferent to many things in society and other people because all their concentration is only on themselves and their needs.

E. This analysis of “we-talk” suggested that the frequent use of “we” and “us” is linked to happier and healthier relationships.

F. They found that too much “I-talk” was an accurate linguistic marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions.

G. But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy.

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

A boy walked into a candy store with his father and since he was just 6 years old, he was surprised by so many candies on offer. “It’s amazing. What should I___21___?” he asked himself.

“Come on, son, we don’t have much___22___. I have to attend an important meeting,” his dad said. “These are all my___23___and I don’t know what to choose.” He picked up some bags and then put them___24___. He couldn’t make up his mind. “___25___, son, we have no time. I’m very___26___,” his dad said. So the boy ran around the store___27___again. His eyes moved from one bag to another,___28___ all of the sweets looked so good and he couldn’t make up his mind.___29___, the dad had enough. He caught his son by the

hand and they____30____the store empty-handed. The boy____31____. He wanted them all, but ended up with____32____because he couldn’t choose just one.

Some of us are that boy. The____33____is that candy store. We have a great number of choices available to us, but if we don’t make a(n)____34____about our jobs, education, relationships, marriage or other____35____things, we will end up empty-handed. Sometimes we worry about making the____36____choice. What if we____37____the direction that we take and it’s too late to go back? We don’t have to____38____this. How do we____39____whether it is good or not if we don’t make a choice? The bigger____40____is that we make no decision at all and end up going nowhere and doing nothing.

21. A. think B. choose C. say D. make 22. A. time B. money C. interest D. power 23. A. secrets B. ideas C. favorites D. away 24. A. back B. away C. in D. aside

25. A. Hold on B. Come over C. Hurry up D. Go on 26. A. busy B. tired C. fair D. patient

27. A. carefully B. quickly C. quietly D. nervously 28. A. and B. or C. though D. but

29. A. Luckily B. Finally C. Certainly D. Hopefully

30. A. got hold of B. checked with C. searched for D. walked out 31. A. returned B. waited C. cried D. understood 32. A. nothing B. fear C. peace D. fun 33. A. sky B. school C. world D. company 34. A. decision B. plan C. guess D. ending 35. A. simple B. important C. common D. good 36. A. right B. great C. wrong D. difficult 37. A. regret B. change C. accept D. face

38. A. work out B. deal with C. look into D. worry about 39. A. doubt B. explain C. expect D. know 40. A. difference B. game C. danger D. fact 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

Why____41.____Britons and Americans have different spellings for the same words?

Noah Webster must be____42.____(responsibility) for this — at least in part. He believed it was important for America____43.____(show) its difference fromBritainthrough language. He wrote the first American spelling, grammar____44.____schoolbooks. He also thought words should be spelled more like how they sound.

Many years before he published his well-known American Dictionary of theEnglish Language, he published a much____45.____(small) and more radical (激进的) dictionary called ACompendious Dictionary. It included spellings such as w-i-m-m-e-n for “women”add t-u-n-g for “tongue”. That dictionary turned out to be a failure. However, he succeeded in introducing words such as “favor” “theater” instead____46.____“favour” “theatre” in his next dictionary years later.

There are some word differences we can’t blame Webster. For example, “while” and “whilst” mean the same thing, but nobody really____47.____(know) why “whilst” survived in Britain but disappeared in America. According to World Wide Words, “whilst”____48.____(think) to be more formal than “while”, even in Britain.____49.____(Obvious), “whilst” is not accepted in America because we are a less formal nation.

Geographic separation of the two______50.______(population) also let the language change differently in the two countries.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分） 51.短文改错

In recently years, the sandstorm in the northern part of China has become more and more common natural disaster. The strong wind blows up some sand, making them difficult for people to go out. Sandstorms are cause by a variety of reason. First, in the past, people feed a great number of sheep. As a result, the sheep ate so many grass that the land turned into deserts. Second, people were not concerning about protecting forests, and cut down many trees, that caused the loss of soil. When it comes to improve the situation, the government starts to stress at the importance of the environment. I believe final the problem will be solved in the near future. 第二节书面表达（满分25分）

52.阅读下列短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

We shouldn't judge a person by their appearance but we do. In fact, the experts say that when we meet someone for the first time we make a decision about what that person is like in three seconds. But what do we look at? One of the most important things is clothes, but it isn't the brand of clothes that people wear that is important. The important thing is to wear the right clothes for the occasion.

Schools have always understood this and a lot of them ask their students to wear a uniform. Why? A lot of

teachers think a uniform makes students feel that they are part of their school and that their uniform helps them to be serious about their studies. Teachers say that uniforms can help in other ways too. If all the students wear uniforms, they can't judge each other because of their clothes. It also avoids arguments about who or what is fashionable.

However，it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way. We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear. If we visit a doctor，we expect to see respectable clothes under the doctor's white coat. When we go into a bank we expect the staff to wear suits or dresses. Police officers wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol. In fact, a lot of companies have dress codes for their staff because they know that the customers expect to see them dressed in certain types of clothes.

But can our clothes really tell people what we are like? Maybe not，but they can show our attitude to what we are doing at the moment. When people see us in the right clothes，they think we are serious about what we are doing. Furthermore, if we are clean, smart and polite, people will have confidence in us.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参

1. C 2. D 3. B

4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D

8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C

12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C

16. G 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. F

21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. D 40. C 41. do 42. responsible 43. to show

44. and 45. smaller 46. of 47. knows 48. is thought 49. Obviously 50. populations

51.(1). become后加a

(2). them→it

(3). reason→reasons (4). feed→fed (5). many→much

(6). concerning→concerned (7). that→which

(8). improve→improving (9). at去掉

(10). final→finally 52.略