高三英语阅读理解
猜词训练
Task1. Lead-in 猜测词义题是从特定的角度考查考生的阅读理解能力和处理生词的能力。猜测词义包括对词、词组和句意的理解，是高考英语试题阅读理解中的一类必考题。
1. Tom is one of the most supercilious man I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest.(目空一切,傲慢的)
2. Jane is indecisive, that is, she can’t make up her mind.(犹豫不决的)
3. Tom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near．
A. a bird B. an animal C. the sun
5. He was in a serious relationship with a woman who was white and Asian. At last, they were married.
A. stable B. bad C. mixed D. dangerous
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猜测词义题目类型
The word “address” in the second line probably means “______”. 熟词新义
The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “_____”.代词
By “we were all beside ourselves”, the writer means that they all_______.句义
The underlined word “spin-off” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _______.生词
Question Form:
1. The word “...” refers to/probably means……
2. The underlined word “…”could best be replaced by……
3. What do you think the expression “…”stands for……?
4. By saying “…”, we mean……
5. “…”, as used in the passage can best be defined as ……
6. Which of the following words can take the place of the word “…”?
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7. The underlined phrase “…”is closet in meaning to…..?
8. The underlined word “...” roughly means…?
Task2. The approach of guessing words.
利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种：
1. Definition根据定义或解释猜测词义
信号词：定语从句 / 同位语从句/ 破折号/括号/ 词或词组(be, mean, deal with, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, or , that is to say, in other words)等。 (1) Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. （B）
A. customers B. thieves in the shop C. carriers D. security guards
(2) I am a resolute man, that is, once I set up a goal, I won’t give it up easily. （B）
A. weak B. firm C. kind D. Clever
3). William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and
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ill together.” ( B).
A．simple B．mixed C．sad D．happy
2. Contrast根据对比关系或反义词
信号词：unlike, although, but, yet, instead, however, while, in contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand, rather than 等。 (1)He replied quickly. But after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty (仓促的，匆忙的)decision.
(2) John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things; his wife, however, is very thrifty (节约的).
(3) Most women in China--- the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old--- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.
A. repeated B. reiterated. C. uneducated D. sick
3. Similarity根据同义词或近义词
信号词： also, as…as, or, like , similarly, the same as等。
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(1) Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental (有害的) to your health.
They also regard drinking as harmful.
(2) Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious. （C）
A. handsome B. happy C. talkative D. kind
4. Example根据举例
信号词：such as, like, for example, for instance, including… (1)Cars must have certain safety devices （装置）such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes. (2)Today young couples who are just starting their households often spend lots of money on appliances(家用电器), for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.
5. Cause & Effect根据因果关系
信号词: because，so(that)，as a result，due to, so/such … that, therefore, thus等。 (1) The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken .Sometimes the weakness was
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permanent. So the player could never play the sport again. （A）
A going on for a long time B that may be permitted
C not very strong D in a bad condition
(2)The noise was so faint (微弱的)that it was impossible to be sure what it was or even where it came from.
(3)When some kind of pain killer(止痛药） was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（无效的）. _(D 因果关系because)_
A. attracted the customers strongly B. had weak effects on the customers
C. tricked the customers into shopping D. caused the customers to lose interest
6. Context & Common Sense根据语境和经验常识
1). At the age of 77，John was still playing a skillfull game of tennis，ran four miles every day and seldom missed his daily swim．For a man of his age he was extremely robust．
According to the short passage，the word “robust”，probably means__（C）___.
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A. strange B. weak C. strong D. interesting
2). The nurse is on the night shift—from midnight to 7 am.（夜班）
7. Word Formation根据构词法
(1)The company failed to gain profits and had bad operation because of his mismanagement (管理不善). All of us suggest replacing him with someone else who can deal with our company better.
(2)This possibility was unforeseeable (不可预见的), because it almost never happened.
(3)The people ①present at the party all ②presented him with a ③present, so he thinks they are friendly ④at present.
参加晚会的人都给他呈上了一份礼物，因此他认为他们目前都很友好。
Task3.Practice Passage 1（2013广州一模）
Although the band achieved some success, they were seldom able to make ends meet，with Depp often unable to pay his rent, sleeping rough on friends’ sofas and even in his car.
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42.The underlined expression “make ends meet” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to A. get together after a show B. meet their audience
C. play to the end D. earn enough to live
Passage 2（14安徽卷）
Although we have to respect people’s feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. If we always reproduced what was there before,we would all still be living in caves.
By “move things forward ” in the last paragraph , the author probably means“ ”
A. destroy old buildings B. put things in a different place
C. choose new architectural styles D. respect people’s feelings for historical buildings
Passage 3（2014福建卷）
By now paramedics（救援人员）had arrived, and were attending the injured woman. As we walked up to her, my son became intimidated by all the blood and medical equipment. He said he was just too scared to go up to her.
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58. The underlined word “intimidated” in the fourth paragraph probably means “____”.
A. astonished B. struck C. frightened D. excited
Passage 4（2016深圳一模）
Poor connectivity has bedeviled much of the continent’s internet access but now a huge improvement is coming.
29. What does “bedeviled” most probably mean in Paragraph 2?
A. attracted B. troubled C. worsened D. contributed
Passage 5（2016广州一模）
Not many people have heard the story of the Christmas Truce (休战). On Christmas Day, 1988, a local radio host in Boston played “Christmas in the Trenches”, a song about the Christmas Truce, several times and was stunned by his listeners’ response. Thousands of people called in, praising the song, with many moved to tears by the amazing events it described.
10. The underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ________.
A. satisfied B. shocked C. amused D. confused
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Passage 6（2016茂名一模）
As far as the Internet being a part of our lives — well, that train has left the station. This expression means there is no going back to an Internet-free life. But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health? It might be, say researchers
4. Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2?
A. The train has stopped at the wrong station.
B. There is something wrong with the train.
C. Life without the Internet is nowhere to be found.
D. The train has changed its course.
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