大学英语本科复习资料

⼤学英语本科复习资料

Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)

Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. Foreach of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

There are many older people in the world and there will be many more. A well-known fact is that over 60 percent of the olderpeople live in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, by 2020 there will be 1 billion, with over 700million living in developing countries.

It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries. For example, it took France 115years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent. It is estimated to take China a mere 27 yearsto achieve this same increase.

What arethe implications of these increased numbers of older folk? (76) One of the biggest worries for governments is thatthe longer people live. the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability( 残疾). Attention is being paid to the need tokeep people as healthy as possible, including during old age, to lessen the financial burden on the state.

(77) Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in theirsociety. In some African couintries, certainly in Asia, older people are respected and regarded as the ones~ with special

knowledge. Yet traditions are fading away daily, which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people. As societychanges, attitudes will change. Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination (歧视) in employment. Life-longlearning programs need to be provided to enable older peopleto be active members in a country's development.Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people. Both public andprivate schemes are vital in order to, build a suitable safety net.

To achieve equality in such matters will take considerable time and effort. One thing is sure: there is no time to be lost.1. The proportion of older people

A. is bigger in developed countries than in developing countriesB. is one-seventh of the population developing countriesC. will increase much faster in China than in FranceD. will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020

2. According to the passage, which of the following are governments most worded about?A. The diseases and disability of older people.B. The longer life and good health of people.C. The loss of taxes on older people.D. The increasing respect for older people.

3. It is stated directly in the passage that older people shouldA. be treated differently in different culturesB. enjoy a similar lifestyleC. be ignored as society changesD. be valued by the younger generations

4. Which of the following measures is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem?A. Getting rid of age discrimination in employment.B. Ensuring adequate income protection for older people.C. Providing free health care for sick older people.D. Supplying life-long learning programs to older people.5. The author concludes in the last paragraph that

A. governments have spent lots of time in solving the ageing problemB. population ageing is a hard problem, but it needs to be solved urgentlyC. people are too busy to solve the population ageing problemD. much time and effort will be lost in solving the ageing problemPassage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

The multi-billion-dollar Western pop music industry is under fire. It is being blamed by the United Nations for the dramatic risein drug abuse worldwide. “The most worrying development is a culture of drug-friendliness,”says the UN's International

Narcotics Control Board in a report released last year. The 74-page study says that pop music, as a global industry, is by farthe most influential trend-setter for young people of most cultures.“Some songs encourage people to take drugs. (78) Certainpop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were a normal andacceptable part of a person's lifestyle,”the study say s.

Surprisingly, says the Board, the effect of drug-friendly pop music seems to survive despite the occasional shock of death byoverdose (过量⽤药). “Such incidents tend to be seen as an occasion to mourn (哀悼) the loss of a role model, and not anopportunity to face the deadly effect of drug use,”it

notes. Since the 1970s, several internationally famous singers and movie stars--including Elvis Presley, Janice Joplin, JohnBelushi, Jimi Hendrix, Jonathan Melvin and Andy Gibbs--have died of eitherdrug abuse or drugrelated illnesses. With theglobalization of popular music, messages promoting, drug abuse are now reaching beyond their countries of or igin. “In mostcountries, the names of certain POP stars have become familiar to the members of every household,”the study says.The UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug incidents, which encourages rather than prevents dragab use. “Over the past years, we have seen how drug abuse is increasingly regarded as being acceptable or evenattractive,”says Hamid Ghodse, president of the Board. “Powerful pressure groups mn political campaigns aimed at

legalizing controlled drugs,”he say s. Ghodse also points out that all thee developments have created an environment whichis tolerant(容忍的) of or even favorable to drug abuse and spoils international drug prevention effortscurrently under way.The study focuses on demand reduction and prevention within an environment that has become tolerant of drug abuse. TheBoard calls on governments to do their legal and moral duties, and to act against the pro-drug (赞成吸毒) messages of theyouth culture to which young people increasingly are be'rug exposed.6. Which of the following statements does ,the author tend to agree with?

A. The use of drags for non-medicinal purposes is, an acceptable part of a person's lifestyle.B. The spreading ofpop music may cause drag abuse to go beyond country boundaries.C. No efforts have been made to prevent the spreading of drag abuse.

D. Governments have no ability to act against the pro-drag messages of the youth culture.7. The expression “under fire”? in the first paragraph meansA. in an urgent situationB. facing some problemsC. being criticized

D. in trouble

8. From the third paragraph, we learn that the youth

A. tend to mourn the pop stars who died of overdose as role modelsB. are shocked to know even pop stars may abuse dmgsC. try to face the deadly effect of drug useD. may stop abusing drugs

9. Which of the following is. not mentioned as tolerant of drug abuse?A. The spreading of pop music.B. The media.

C. Political campaigns run by powerful pressure groups.D. The low price of some drags.10. According to the passage, pop music

A. has a great influence on young people of most culturesB. attracts a small number of young peopleC. is not a profitable industry

D. is alone responsible for drug abusePassage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based onthe following passage:

(79) Extensive new studies suggestthat the world has, made extraordinary progress in reducing poverty in recent decades.The research suggests that the pace of economic progress has been rapid and continued for decades, built on the

foundations of relative political stability, rising trade, and economic liberalization (⾃由化) after two world wars. One new

study, published recently by the Institute for International Economics in Washington, finds that the proportion of the 6.1 billionpeople in the world who live on $1 a day or less shrank from 63 .percent in 1950 to 35 percent in 1980 and 12 percent in

1999. By some other measures, the progress has been more modest. Still, economists agree that poverty has plunged in keynations such as India and especially China, thanks to slowing population growth as well as economic free dom. “This is ahuge success for the world as a whole,”says Harvard University economist Richard Cooper. “We are doing something right.”The news comes as the World Bank is about to open its annual meeting in Washington' an event that has been troubled inrecent years by protests that the Bank and its sister institution, the International Monetary Fund (IMF国际货币基⾦组织), havedone too little for the world's poor. (80) The new economic research will not put an end to that dispute. Vast populationsremain poor, and many still question the wisdom of World Bank policies. Nonetheless, the research findings are helpful tounderstand what policies should be followed by th6se institutions and hundreds of other development groups working veryhard to hasten the pace of world economic progress. If dramatic gains are under way, the present policies-- calling for openmarkets, freebusiness activities, and tight monetary control are working and correct.

But critics of IMF and World Bank policies maintain that such economic.success stories as Japan, China, South Korea andSingapore are rooted in more than just \"free', markets. These nations have managed to grow rapidly, and thereby reducepoverty, by limiting imports when their domestic industries were yotmg, pushing exports to rich nations, and putting controlson purely international financial;flows. They have been open to foreign-owned factories but have often insisted that thoseinvestors share\"the knowledge and skill on modem technologies,11. The word “plunged” in the firs paragraphmeansA. decreasedB. ClimbedC. increasedD. dropped into water

12. From the passage, we learn that__________

A. World Bank has done nothing to help the poor in the worldB. IMF only helps the rich in the world

C. World Bank controls all the banks in the world

D. there are some demonstrations against World Bank in recent years

13. According to this passage, in__________, the world had the largest number of poor people.A. 1999B. 1980C. 1950D. 1990

14. According to the author, the economy of East Asian countries grew very fast because of the following measuresEXCEPT__________A. encouraging export

B. opening up to foreigninvestmentsC.limiting international financial flowsD. controlling import

15. The best title for this passage might be__________.A. China's Contribution to the Reduction of Poverty in the WorldB. World Bank's Extraordinary Progress in Recent DecadesC. India's Leading Role in Reducing Global PovertyD. Global Progress in Reducing PovertyPart Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (30%)

Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. By the time you finish your homework, all of us__________ ours at hand, I'm sure.A. will finishB. will have finishedC. have finishedD. have been finishing

17. In time of trouble Charliecould always__________a solution.A. put asideB. look down uponC. break outD. come up with

18. Before building a house, you will have to__________the government's permission.A. get from

B. followC. receiveD. ask for

19. The director had her assistant__________some hot dogs for the staff members.A. picked upB. picks upC. pick upD. picking up

20. ______their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.A. TO throwB. ThrownC. ThrowingD. Being thrown

21. It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which of the parents spoke the language.A. noneB. neitherC. bothD. each

22. You'd better go there by train. The train ticket is __________ the plane ticket.A. as cheap three times asB. as three times cheapasC. three times as cheap asD. cheaper three times than

23. This new machineis technically far__________ to the previous type.A. Superior:B. juniorC. seniorD. equal

24. There is a great deal of evidence____that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A. indicateB. IndicatingC. indicatedD. to be indicating

25. She became the first woman to enter the school but withdrew after a few days_____stress.A. because of

B. in spite ofC. instead ofD. In honor of

26.______is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will be held in London.A. ItB. WhatC. AsD. Which

27. The discovery of these tombs is__________for scholars' studying Chinese history.A. of very importantB. great significantC. of great significanceD. greatly importance

28. Sean's strong love for his country is______in his recently published poems.A. relievedB. ReflectedC. respondedD. recovered

29. Would You please keep silent? The weather report__________and I want to listen.A. is broadcastB. is being broadcastC. has been broadcastD. had been broadcast

30. The teacher stressedagain that'the students should not______any important details while retelling the story.A. bring outB. let outC. leave outD. make out

31. The man moved_____forward and looked over the edge, shrinking his shoulders.A. accuratelyB. CautiouslyC. brilliantlyD. disappointedly

32. The police are trying to find out the______of the woman,killed in the traffic accident.A. evidence

B. recognition C identity D. status

33. By no means__________to her parents.A. this is the first time has she liedB. this is the first time does she tell a lieC. is this the first time She has liedD. is this the first time she was lying

34. Climate change will greatly_____wheat and rice production if nations don't take steps now.A. fallB. leakC. lackD. reduce

35. She always buys__________ my birthday.A. something awful toB. anything awful toC. something nice forD. anything nice for

36. He failed to live Up to __________had been expected of him.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. all

37. It is very _____ of you to arrange an early.meeting between your boss and our team.A. considerateB. ConsiderableC. consideriiigD. considered

38. I would have told him about the change of time for the class,________to class last 'tune.A. did he comeB. he cameC. had he comeD. he had come

39. The wind was so strong last night that it tore the______ of the ship into two or three pieces.A. maskB. mineC. sail

D. satellite

40. ____all the money people here spend eating out, restaurants' profit is still below five percent.A. DespiteB.Thanks toC. SinceD. Like

41. Many a man__________lifeis meaningless without a purpose.A. thinksB. thinkingC. have thoughtD. think

42. John left home twenty minutes ago. It is usually half an hour's drive from his home to theoffice here. Sohe__________soon.A. should have arrivedB. need arriveC. must have arrivedD. may arrive

43. ___Hongkong, is often regarded as____international Centre for business, finance and tourism.A./; anB. An; /C. The; /D./; the

44. They went__________the schedule for the conference again and again until they felt satisfied with every detail of it.A. out

B. up C: over D. by

45. Schools should teach'our kids various subjects, and moreover, teach them how to______right:from wrong.:A. mnB. takeC. tellD. put

Part III Identification (10%)

Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is notcorrect.

46.Many parents feel they need to keep a closer eye to their children because of concernsA B C

about crime and school violence.D

47.For married mothers, the time spend on child care increased to an average of 12.9 hoursA B C Da week in 2009

48.There is an increasingly amount of evidence that more and more young people are takingA B C

an active interest in politics.D

49. When you've finished with that book，don't forget to put it back on the shelf，Won't you?

The most information that is safe is your first name and province. Anything more is basically 71 a predator into your life.Another big problem is photos. I suggest 72 skipping photos and never posting a photo of a friend online without his or her73.

Most important, never, 74 any 'circumstances, agree to a real-ife meeting with anyone you meet online, 75 how well you thinkyou know this person. There are no guarantees that they have told the truth.56. A. what B. how C. why D. which

57. A. get into B. open up C. shut down D. turn on58. A. but B. even C. despite D. since59. A. is B. are C. was D. were60. A. get B. make C. push D. take61. A. as B. about C. for D. in62. A. avoid B. get C. benefit D. hide63. A. stay B. be staying C. stayed D. staying. A. difficult B. Simplest C. simple D. most difficult65. A. as to B. no matter C. so that D. because66. A. efficient B. Interesting C. effective D. impressive67. A. if B. whether C. however D. whatever

68. A. information B. documents C. fries D. messages69. A.letting B. make C. allow D.let70. A. what B. why C. when D. how

71. A. introducing B. Inviting C. investing D. interrupting72. A. partly B. Mostly C. lastly D. completely73. A. favor B. Rule C. information D. permission74. A. above B.'under C. at D. below75. A. no matter B. even if C. unless D. also

Part V Translation (20%)Section A

Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken fromthe 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meaningsin the context.

76.One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and fordisability (残疾).

77.Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in theirsociety.

78..... Certain pop stags:make statements and set examples as if the use of drags for non-medicinal purposes were a normaland acceptable part of a person's lifestyle...

79.Extensive new studies suggest that the world has made extraordinary pmgressin reducing poverty in recent decades.80. The new economic research will not put an end to that dispute.SectionB

Directions：In this part there are five sentences in Chinese.You should translate them into English.Be sure to write clearly.81.我⽗亲在找⼯作，我母亲在医院照看外祖母。82.今天早上他起床晚了，所以没有赶上⽕车。83.你们昨天的会议得出什么结论了吗?84.我在回家的路上，买了⼀本英汉词典。85.⼀直到12⽉下旬，他们才让我加⼊他们⼩组。参：

1---15 CADCB BCADA ADCBD

16---45 BDDCC BCABA BCBBC BCCDC AACCA ADACC46---55 BBADC BDCCC

56---75 CCADD BADBC CBAAC BDDBA

76. 最为头疼的事情之⼀在于，⼈们的寿命越长，就会出现越多的疾病和残疾。77. 另外⼀个重要的问题在于，要让年轻⼈理解和尊重⽼年⼈在社会的价值。

8. 某些流⾏歌⼿和影星发表了⼀些⾔论并且树⽴了这样⼀些典范，仿佛⾮医疗⽤途服⽤药物是⼀个⼈⽣活当中最为正常不过并且可以被接受的⽅⾯。

79. 最近的新型研究显⽰，我们的社会已经在最近⼏⼗年中，对于减少贫困⼈⽅⾯做出了很⼤贡献。80. 新型的经济研究，也不会将这⼀争论进⾏终结。

81. My dad is looking for a job while my mother is looking after me grandmother.82. He got up so late this morning that he missed the train.83. Did you draw any conclusion in gesterday’s meeting?84. I bought an English-Chinese dictionary on me way home.85. They didn’t allow me to join their group until the end of December.