抽象名词
抽象名词就是表示状态,品质,情感的没有实物的名词。比如responsibility(责任), law(法律),love(爱情),peace(和平)具体化就是前面可加冠词(a/an),变成可数名词。比如 Give her a surprise.给她个惊喜。
或放在姓氏前,表示只知道名字而不熟悉的人。
比如 A Mr.Liu is waiting for you.一个姓刘的先生在等你。什么名词前面都可加the,加the并不能说明这个词已经被具体化。比如 Everyone must keep the law.每个人都要遵守法律。这个the只是表示law是专有名詞并不是说把它具体成某一事物了。
如果说 A new law is established.一项新法令颁布了。那这就是具体化了。因为把法律具体成一项法令了。我前面说了,什么名词前都可以加the。这个定冠词可以用在任意的实意名词和抽象名词前。比如我上面举的例子Everyone must keep the law. law前是必须加the的。因为是专有名词。
例:Billy has little patience so he is easy to get angry.
(比利少有耐性,所以他很容易生气。)
例:A bus driver in Beijing needs a great deal of patience when he is at the wheel [hwi:l]
(北京的公共汽车司机在开车时需要有很大的耐性。)
(2)抽象名词的单位表达法:
句型
The old man gave the young man 3 pieces of advice.
(那个老人给那年轻人三则劝言。)
What they need is an act of kindness from you.
(他们所需要的是你能手下留情一次。)
含抽象名词的惯用句式
句型 of +抽象名词=形容词
of beauty beautiful(美丽的)
of importance = important(重要的)
of fame = famous(有名的)
of use = useful(有用的)
例:She is a woman of beauty.
=She is a beautiful woman.
(她是一个美丽的女人。)
句型with/in/by +抽象名词=副词
with care = carefully(小心地)
with ease =easily(容易地)
in public =publicly(公开地)
by good luck =luckily(幸运地)
例:
My father always drives with great cars.
=My father always drives very carefully.
(我的父亲开车总是很小心。)
句型all +抽象名词=形容词
抽象名词+ itself =形容词
all happiness =happiness itself =very happy(很快乐)
all kindness =kindness itself =very kind(很仁慈)
all attention =attention itself =very attentive(很专心)
例:When she is in class, she is always all attention.
=When she is in class, she is always very attentive.
(上课时她总是非常地专心。)
句型have the +抽象名词+ to V…=
be +Adj +enough +to V…
have the strength to move…
=be strong enough to move…
(足有力气可以搬动……)
have the wisdom to solve…
=be wise enough to solve…
(足有智慧可以解决……)
He has the wisdom to solve that problem.
=He is wise enough to solve that problem.
(他足有智慧可以解决那个问题。)